Implementasi Teori Belajar Kognitif untuk Mencapai Tujuan Pembelajaran di Kelas

Abstract

Cognitive learning theory emphasizes the mental processes involved in learning, such as thinking, understanding, and problem-solving. This theory views learners as active individuals who construct knowledge based on their experiences and stages of cognitive development. In elementary education, cognitive theory supports teachers in designing learning activities that align with students’ cognitive abilities. This study uses a literature review method, by analyzing various academic sources that discuss the concepts, characteristics, applications, strengths, and weaknesses of cognitive learning theory. The findings indicate that cognitive learning promotes independence, creativity, and meaningful understanding. However, the theory also has limitations, such as the assumption that all students have equal memory capacity and the lack of focus on practical skills. Therefore, although cognitive theory is highly applicable, it should be integrated with other approaches to meet diverse learning needs and contexts.